BDO and Its Derivatives, High-Purity Solvents

1,5-Pentanediol (PDO)

1,5-Pentanediol, also known as pentamethylene glycol, is a primary organic compound categorized as a linear diol with the chemical formula C5H12O2. This colorless, viscous liquid is characterized by its significant hygroscopicity and exceptional solubility in water, alcohols, and various organic solvents. As a bifunctional molecule featuring two terminal hydroxyl groups, it serves as a critical building block in organic synthesis and polymer chemistry. The compound exhibits low toxicity and a high boiling point, making it a stable intermediate for industrial processes. Its unique five-carbon chain structure provides a specific balance of flexibility and structural integrity in synthesized resins. Industrially, it is primarily produced through the hydrogenation of glutaric acid or its derivatives. Because of its structural properties, it acts as a high-performance plasticizer and a precursor for polyurethanes and polyesters, offering enhanced mechanical properties and resistance to environmental degradation. Its chemical stability and reactivity profile make it indispensable in manufacturing.

Attributes

Key Features and Benefits

1,5-Pentanediol possesses excellent versatility as a linear chain extender in polyester and polyurethane systems, significantly improving flexibility.
The compound exhibits high thermal stability and a low freezing point, ensuring reliable performance across diverse temperature ranges.
Its unique odd-numbered carbon chain contributes to lower crystallinity in resulting polymers compared to even-numbered carbon diols.
As a hygroscopic agent, it demonstrates superior moisture retention capabilities, which is advantageous for cosmetic and ink formulations.
The chemical is biodegradable and presents a favorable safety profile with low volatility and minimal environmental impact.

Specifications

Technical Highlights

Chemical Formula: C5H12O2 with a Molecular Weight of approximately 104.15 grams per mole, ensuring predictable stoichiometric reactions.
Boiling Point: Approximately 242 degrees Celsius at standard atmospheric pressure, indicating low volatility for high-temperature industrial processing.
Refractive Index: Typically measured at 1.450 at 20 degrees Celsius, which is useful for quality control in manufacturing.
Viscosity: Approximately 50 mPa.s at 20 degrees Celsius, allowing for easy handling and mixing in industrial equipment.
Flash Point: Measured at approximately 135 degrees Celsius (closed cup), providing a high safety margin against accidental ignition.

Download Technical Data Sheet (TDS)

Practical industry uses

Applications

Polyester Resin Production: Used as a reactant to produce flexible polyester polyols for high-quality coatings and adhesive applications.
Polyurethane Synthesis: Acts as a critical chain extender or soft segment component in the manufacture of durable elastomers.
Ink Formulations: Functions as a solvent and humectant in inkjet inks to prevent nozzle clogging and improve print quality.
Cosmetic Additive: Utilized as a moisturizing agent and preservative booster in personal care products due to its antimicrobial properties.
Chemical Intermediate: Serves as a precursor for the synthesis of delta-valerolactone and other specialty organic chemicals and pharmaceuticals.